PASSIVE VOICE

Passive Voice is very popular use, both in everyday conversations and in reading books. In the Indonesian language sentence is known as a verb beginning with di-(written, given, scolded, etc.). In the active sentence we may say so:

The teacher warned Nitha for being late. -> Teachers warned Nitha for being late.

But if we want to express this sentence in the passive voice, we will say:

Nitha was warned by the teacher for being late. -> Nitha warned by the teacher for being late.

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct Speech Refers to reproducing another person’s exact words or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech).

We use quotation marks (“______________”) and it should be word for word.

Indirect speech Refers to reproducing the idea of another person’s words that doesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word. Indirect speech is sometimes called reported speech.

PERSUADING

 

Persuading is an expression to persuade someone. So, someone want to do something as like as persuader’s request. 

Expressions of Persuading :

§   Are you really sure you can’t/couldn’t...?

§   Don’t be so silly!

§   I really think it would be a pity if we didn’t.

§   Are you quite sure you won’t consider...?

§   Buy me this one, Mom, please ?

§   I really think you’d do well to...

§   Oh, come on!

NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain readers.Other function of narrative text is for education.

Generic Structure

•       Orientation    : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters, setting and time of the story are established. 

•       Complication : When the problems in the story arise an involves main character.

•       Resolution      : The problems are solved  (better or worse).

 

CONTRASTIVE CONJUNCTION AND MODAL PERFECT

Contrastive conjunction

A conjunction is a word that joins two or more words, phrases, or clauses.

Contrastive conjunctions are used to emphasize the contrast between two ideas and to link two ideas or statement that are considered to be different.

Contrastive conjuctionis are but, still, yet, although, even though, whereas, while, however, nevertheless, and despite/in spite of.

DISCUSSION TEXT

Discussion is a text which presents a problematic discourse. This problem will be discussed from different points of view. It presents pro and contra opinion on certain issue. The purpose of a discussion text is to present arguments and information from differing viewpoints.

Discussion texts are usually written in the present tense.

BUSINESS LETTER

The block format is the simplest format; all of the writing is flush against the left margin.

Your Address 1

The return address of the sender so the recipient can easily find out where to send a reply to.

•       British English

Position        : In the top right corner of the letter.

•          American English

Position        : In the top left corner, below the date, or at the end of the letter (below the signature)

Date 2
Put the date on which the letter was written in the format

•       British English

Write                        :30 October 2003

Position                    :On the right, one line below the sender's address

•       American English

Write                        : October 30, 2003

Position                    : Top left corner

ASKING ABOUT POSSIBILITIES

What is possibility ?

Possibility is used when we are talking about the future, we often don't really know what will happen.

Asking about Possibilities

•       Would it be possible for (somebody) to …?

•       Do you think it’s possible that ... ?

•       What possibility is there that ... ?

•       Is there any possibility that ... ?

•       What's the possibility of ... ?

•       What are the chances of ...?

•       Do you think you can…?

•       Is it possible that ... ?

•       Is it possible to ... ?

•       Are you capable of…?

EXPLANATION TEXT

Is a text that contains the processes associated with natural phenomena, soisal, science, culture and more. An Explanation text is usually derived from the corresponding author of the question 'why' and 'how' of a phenomenon.

                                                                                                                           

Communicative purpose of Explanation Text

Communicative purpose of the Explanation text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation or activity associated with natural phenomena, social, science, culture, and others that aim to explain.

COMPLAINING

A complaint is expressions of "displeasure or annoyance" in response to an action that is seen by the speaker as unfavorable.

Making a complaint
I’m afraid I have to make a serious complaint.
Look, I’m sorry to trouble you, but….
Excuse me, I’m afraid… 
I wonder if you could help me…..
I’ve got a bit of a problem here, you see……
Do you think you could……?
I’m sorry to have to say this, but….
Would you mind (doing)….?
I wish you wouldn’t mind….
I do wish you could….
Wouldn’t it be a good idea to/ not to….

MAKING SUGGESTION

Making Suggestion is how you express your suggestion to someone.

   

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Conditional sentence is used for expressing our hope or expectation toward something. A conditinal sentence consist of two part : “main clause” and “if clause”. 

There are four types of conditional sentences in english:

•        1st conditional sentences

•       2nd conditional sentences

•       3rd conditional  sentences

•       Conditional Sentence without “IF” (Inversion)

 

ADMITTING MISTAKES & MAKING PROMISES

What is ‘Admitting Mistakes’?

Mistake is a misunderstanding or misconception or an error in action, calculation, opinion, or judgement caused by poor reasoning, carelessness, insufficient knowledge, etc.

When you have a mistake to someone, you need to plead your mistake, so the problem will be clear. Admitting Mistake is the way you to admit and ask for a sorry of your mistake.

The Benefits of Admitting Your Mistakes

•          It demonstrates your courage

•          It demonstrates your humanity

•          It engenders more trusting relationships

•          It creates greater organisational value

BLAMING ANG ACCUSING SOMEONE

 Glossary

  Blaming : menyalahkan

  Accusing : menuduh

  Responsibility : tanggung jawab

  Fault : Kesalahan

  Truth  : kebenaran

  Stealing : mencuri

  Mistake : kesalahan

  Failur : kegagalan

  Incur : menuai hasil

GREETINGS

Hi... How are you?... Hello... Nice to meet you... Good morning..., ya inilah contoh-contoh dari greetings. Sebuah kata salam yang di ucapkan seseorang kepada orang lain. Saat mereka awal bertemu, saat mereka baru saja berkenalan dan bahkan saat mereka ingin mengakhiri sebuah pertemuan pasti ada kata "Good bye", "See you", dan sebagainya. Itu juga termasuk dalam contoh greetings.

NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative text is a kind of text to retell the story that past tense. The purpose of the text is to entertain or to amuse the readers or listeners about the story.

The generic structure of Narrative text :

1. Orientation :
It set the scene and introduce the participants (it answers the question : who, when, what, and where).

2. Complication :
Tells the problems of the story and how the main characters solve them.

3. Resolution :
The crisis is revolved, for better or worse.

 

 

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

A. Direct speech

Direct speech refers to reproducing another person’s exact word oe saying exactly what someone has said(sometimes called quoted speech) here what a peson says appears within quotation marks (“….”) and should be word for word.
For example :
She said,”today’s lesson is on presentations.” Or
“Today’s lesson is on presentations,” she said.

B.Indirect speech
Indirect speech (sometimes called reported speech),doesn’t use quotation marks to enclpse what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word.

PERFECT TENSE

        After having finished the lesson, the student are expected to be able to:
understand the pattern of perfect tense  identify perfect tense in a certain text — use perfect tense in making sentences and telling an event or action.


The present perfect tense is a perfect tense used to express action that has been completed with respect to the present. (The word perfect in its name refers to the idea of completion—of being now finished—rather than to perfection in the sense of “no flaws”.)

VOCABULARY AROUND THE HOUSE

Vocabulary around the house is an situation when we use english for everday in our hole life and we spelled the grammar well. Begin in our daily life at home e.g. with our parents,friends,bro,sister,grandpa,grandma,or maybe with your teachers? then, your neighboor,your lab partner,etc. I don't know how to explain it well, but i would share to you about something I know or just give you an idea foR the bassicly english. make your head stay cool.

OFFERING

The expression of “ Would you like….” is normally used for offering something to someone.
Elsa   : Would you like a fried rice Fit ?
Fifit    : Yes, please. Thank you. Hmmm…that is my favourite food.
Elsa   : Thank you. I’m glad you like it.

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Inilah penjelasan dan contoh descriptive text untuk sobat yang sedang dan masih menempuh perjalanan panjang belajar bahasa Inggris. Tidak usah ragu untuk membaca tulisan descriptive text di bawah ini, semakin sering kita membaca semakin bisa kita memahaminya. Dan alangkah baiknya jika tidak saja paham, tapi juga bisa menulis descriptive text sendiri.

Mungkin sobat sudah "bosan" mempelajari narrative text, karena itu sekarang saatnya kita membahas descriptive text agar kepala kita tidak melulu berisi dongeng. Tidak lupa pula penjelasan mengenai descriptive text ini disertai contoh menarik tentang teks deskriptif yang semoga saja membantu sobat semua untuk bisa menulis descriptive text dengan baik.

PASSIVE VOICE

Passive Voice is very popular use, both in everyday conversations and in reading books. In the Indonesian language sentence is known as a verb beginning with di-(written, given, scolded, etc.). In the active sentence we may say so:

The teacher warned Nitha for being late. -> Teachers warned Nitha for being late.

But if we want to express this sentence in the passive voice, we will say:

Nitha was warned by the teacher for being late. -> Nitha warned by the teacher for being late.

INVITATION (WRITTEN)

Invitation is a way to invite someone or more to go to a place or to do something.



There are two types of invitation.
They are Formal Invitation and Informal Invitation.
Formal invitation is usually originate from Institutes, Companies and a kind of it. Normally formal invitation is written invitation.
Informal invitation is personal invitation given to a friend, family, etc. Informal invitation can be written invitation and verbal invitation. 

RECOUNT TEXT

.

Mari memahami Recount text lebih dekat... Jika sobat masih bingung cara membuat recount text, alangkah baiknya sobat baca tulisan ini. Mungkin saja penjelasan tentang recount text ini bisa membantu mempermudah pemahaman jenis teks yang "konon" mirip dengan Narrative text ini.

Untuk lebih jelas, mari kita pahami keterangan berikut.

 

 

GRATITUDE,, COMPLIMENT,, AND CONGRATULATION

Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people. When speaking English, you say “thanks” very often. Please say “thank you” when people give you something, help you do something, wish you something and give you a compliment etc.

APPOINTMENT

 Appointmen itu adalah sebuah perjanjian....


 Appointment is to tell us or someone that you will definitely do something.

GIVING INSTRUCTION

Giving instruction is an expression for give or ask somebody to do something we want somebody to do.

The kind of giving instruction:

1. Command

Example:

ANNOUNCEMENT

contoh pengumuman tertulis: 

ADVERTISEMENT

Pernah ngeliat iklan?
pasty pernah kan? atau mungkin bahkan suudah pernah mengiklankan sesuatu.
Nah, ayo kita pelajari secara lengkap tentang ADVERTISEMENT... :D

Advertisement is information for persuading and motivating people so that it will attract them to the service and the thing that are offered or informed.

Function of advertisement:
-Promotion
-Communication
-Information

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

I sing

How do we make the Present Simple Tense?

subject	+	auxiliary verb	+	main verb
		do		base

There are three important exceptions:

1. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.
2. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary.
3. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.

Look at these examples with the main verb like:

	subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I, you, we, they			like	coffee.
	He, she, it			likes	coffee.
-	I, you, we, they	do	not	like	coffee.
	He, she, it	does	not	like	coffee.
?	Do	I, you, we, they		like	coffee?
	Does	he, she, it		like	coffee?

Look at these examples with the main verb be. Notice that there is no auxiliary:

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Explanation

1. The simple past tense is expressed with the past form of the verb and nothing else.

My grandfather died last year. My grandfather was died last year. My grandfather has died last year.

(Correct) (Incorrect) (Incorrect)

2. The simple past tense refers to

a. action which occurred at a specific time in the past
b. completed action
c. past status

Examples

ASKING IF SOMEONE REMEMBERS OR NOT

ASKING IF SOMEONE REMEMBERS OR NOT

Sekarang kita bakal membahas tentang Asking if Someone Remembers or Not...

1. Formal expressions:

- I wonder if you remember.....
- You remember...., don’t you?
- You haven’t forgotten...., have you?
- Don’t you remember.....?
- Do you happen to remember it now?

MODALS IN THE PAST FORM

MODALS IN THE PAST FORM

A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality – that is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation. Examples include the English verbs can, must and should.
 

Modals in the past are :

 Could.

 Might.

 Would.

 Should.